Gabriel has become fearful of going outside alone and being in open spaces. What is this condition best described as?

The condition described in the question is best characterized as agoraphobia. Agoraphobia involves a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable in the event of a panic attack or similar incapacitating symptom. This often leads to avoidance behavior, such as fear of going outside alone or being in open spaces, as mentioned in Gabriel's case.

Individuals with agoraphobia typically feel anxious in crowds, open spaces, or situations that make them feel trapped or embarrassed. This response can result in significant lifestyle changes, as individuals may avoid public places entirely or require a trusted companion to feel safe.

In contrast, social anxiety disorder is primarily related to fear of social situations where one may be judged or embarrassed. Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent panic attacks and fear of their recurrence, while specific phobia is more focused on a particular object or situation (like heights or spiders). Gabriel's symptoms align specifically with agoraphobia due to the emphasis on a broader fear of open spaces and being alone outdoors.