How is motivation defined in psychology?

Motivation in psychology is best understood as a process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. This definition encompasses several key components of motivation, highlighting its active role in driving individuals toward their objectives. Motivation is not just about the desire to achieve something; it also involves the mechanisms that start the pursuit of a goal, help individuals stay on track, and sustain their efforts over time.

This definition acknowledges that motivation is critical for action. It suggests that motivation is necessary to begin a task, provides the direction for how to proceed, and ensures that one remains engaged until the goal is achieved. This comprehensive view allows for an understanding of how intrinsic and extrinsic factors can influence motivation, reflecting the dynamic nature of human behavior.

In contrast, the other options present concepts that do not align with the true essence of motivation. Disruption of goal-oriented behaviors, feelings of being unmotivated, or the notion of maintaining static behaviors do not capture the active and constructive nature of motivation as it is understood in psychology.