What are the common symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Major depressive disorder is characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact a person's mood, behavior, and overall well-being. Among the most common symptoms, persistent sadness and fatigue stand out. This persistent sadness reflects a constant feeling of hopelessness or helplessness that can overshadow daily activities and interactions. Fatigue in this context refers not just to physical tiredness but also to a lack of motivation and a general sense of lethargy, making even small tasks seem overwhelming.

These symptoms are critical for diagnosing major depressive disorder, as they often result in significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The experience of ongoing sadness and fatigue may also come with changes in sleep patterns, appetite, and concentration, further illustrating the debilitating nature of this condition.