What are the major types of research methods in psychology?

The correct answer highlights the major types of research methods in psychology as experimental, correlational, observational, survey, and case studies, which are essential for understanding how psychologists conduct research and gather data.

Experimental methods allow researchers to determine cause-and-effect relationships by manipulating variables in controlled settings. Correlational methods identify relationships between variables without manipulating them, revealing patterns and associations. Observational methods involve watching subjects in natural or controlled environments, providing insights into behavior without interference. Surveys are commonly used to gather large amounts of data via questionnaires or interviews, allowing researchers to assess attitudes, opinions, and self-reported behaviors. Finally, case studies provide an in-depth look at individual cases, offering valuable qualitative insights into complex psychological phenomena.

This comprehensive classification reflects the diversity of approaches used in psychological research, ensuring that researchers can select the most suitable method based on their questions and objectives.