Which term describes the study of psychological disorders and their symptoms, causes, and treatment?

The term that specifically describes the study of psychological disorders, along with their symptoms, causes, and treatment, is psychopathology. This field encompasses various aspects of mental health issues, aiming to understand the nature and development of these disorders, thus guiding effective treatment strategies.

Neuropsychology primarily focuses on the relationship between the brain and behavior, examining how brain injuries and neurological conditions affect psychological functions. Clinical psychology deals broadly with diagnosing and treating mental health issues, but it does not primarily focus on the study of disorders themselves. Developmental psychology investigates the psychological changes throughout a person's lifespan, concentrating on how people grow and adapt rather than specifically addressing psychological disorders. Psychopathology thus stands out as the most precise term for the study directly concerned with understanding psychological disorders.